时间序列

发布时间：2022-01-08，作者：阿水, 鱼遇雨欲语与余

## Part1 领域介绍

Time series is a series of data points indexed in time order.

时间序列分析具体包括的任务：

• 检索Indexing (query by content): given a time series and some similarity measure, find the nearest matching time series.
• 聚类Clustering: find groups (clusters) of similar time series.
• 分类Classification: assign a time series to a predefined class.
• 分割Segmentation (Summarization): create an accurate approximation of a time series by reducing its dimensionality while retaining its essential features.
• 预测Forecasting (Prediction): given a time series dataset up to a given time tn, forecast the next values.
• 异常检测Anomaly Detection: find abnormal data points or subsequences.
• 因果分析Rules Discovery: find the rules that may govern associations between sets of time series or subsequences

### 推荐教材

• Forecasting: Principles and Practice，第三版（英文），第二版（中文）

### 推荐公开课

• Intel 时间序列分析：讲授时间序列分析，以及用于预测、处理和识别顺序数据的方法。
  • 时间序列和平稳数据简介
  • 数据平滑化、自相关性和自回归积分滑动平均 (ARIMA) 模型等应用
  • 高级时间序列概念，如卡尔曼滤波器 (Kalman Filter) 和傅里叶变换 (Fourier Transformation)
  • 用于时间序列分析的深度学习架构和方法

添加👇微信，拉你进入学习群。

## Part2 时序Python库

	Forecasting	Classsification	Anomaly Detection	Segmentation	TSFeature
Prophet	✅
Kats	✅		✅		✅
GluonTS	✅		✅		✅
NeuralProphet	✅		✅		✅
arch	✅
AtsPy	✅
banpei			✅
cesium					✅
darts	✅
PaddleTS	✅				✅

• Kats，推荐指数：⭐⭐
  • 主页：https://facebookresearch.github.io/Kats/
  • Github：https://github.com/facebookresearch/Kats
• darts，推荐指数：⭐⭐
  • 介绍：a Python library for easy manipulation and forecasting of time series. It contains a variety of models, from classics such as ARIMA to deep neural networks.
  • 主页：https://unit8co.github.io/darts/
  • Github：https://github.com/unit8co/darts
• GluonTS，推荐指数：⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 主页：https://ts.gluon.ai/index.html
  • Github：https://github.com/awslabs/gluon-ts/
• NeuralProphet，推荐指数：⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 主页：https://neuralprophet.com/
  • Github：https://github.com/ourownstory/neural_prophet
• arch
  • 介绍：Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) and other tools for financial econometrics, written in Python.
  • 主页：https://arch.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
  • Github：https://github.com/bashtage/arch
• AtsPy
  • 介绍：Automated Time Series Models in Python
  • Github：https://github.com/firmai/atspy
• banpei
  • 介绍：Anomaly detection library based on singular spectrum transformation
  • Github：https://github.com/tsurubee/banpei
• cesium
  • 介绍：end-to-end machine learning platform for time-series, from calculation of features to model-building to predictions.
  • 主页：https://cesium-ml.org/
  • Github：https://github.com/cesium-ml/cesium
• pyfbad
  • Github：https://github.com/Teknasyon-Teknoloji/pyfbad

更多的模型介绍可以查阅论文[arxiv 2021]A systematic review of Python packages for time series analysis.

## Part3 相关模型

### Time Series Forecasting

Model	Univariate	Multivariate	Probabilistic	Multiple-series training
ARIMA	✅		✅
VARIMA	✅	✅
AutoARIMA	✅
ExponentialSmoothing	✅		✅
Theta and FourTheta	✅
Prophet	✅		✅
FFT (Fast Fourier Transform)	✅
RegressionModel (incl RandomForest, LinearRegressionModel and LightGBMModel)	✅	✅		✅
RNNModel (incl. LSTM and GRU); equivalent to DeepAR in its probabilistic version	✅	✅	✅	✅
BlockRNNModel (incl. LSTM and GRU)	✅	✅	✅	✅
NBEATSModel	✅	✅	✅	✅
TCNModel	✅	✅	✅	✅
TransformerModel	✅	✅	✅	✅
TFTModel (Temporal Fusion Transformer)	✅	✅	✅	✅
Naive Baselines	✅

### Time Series Classification

• LSTM FCN，LSTM Fully Convolutional Networks for Time Series Classification

### Anomaly Detection

• [AAAI 2022] Towards a Rigorous Evaluation of Time-series Anomaly Detection

### Time Series Representation

• [AAAI 2022] TS2Vec: Towards Universal Representation of Time Series

### Data Augmentation

• [IJCAI 2021] Time Series Data Augmentation for Deep Learning: A Survey
• [arxiv 2020] An empirical survey of data augmentation for time series classification with neural networks

## Part4 时序数据集

• UCR Time Series Classification Archive
• UEA & UCR Time Series Classification Repository